Coating for paper



1, 1945. B. K. GREEN COATING FOR PAPER Filed June 19, 1942 Barrett K. Green I Inventor By M His Attorney Patented May 1, 1945 COATING FOR PAPER Barrett R. Green. Dayton, Ohio, assignor to The National Cash Register Ohio, a corporation of Maryland Company, Dayton,-

Application June 19, 1942, Serial No, 447,681

16 Claims.

, It has been known heretofore to make such coatings applied as a liquid which dries to a solid continuous phase withliquid inclusions .therein, but said inclusions have been of a type which is more or less subject to change because of theatmospheric influences mentioned above.

Therefore, it is the principal object of this invention to provide acoating forpaper that will form a rupturable solid film having profusely dispersed therein liquid inclusions of marking fluid of the low-mlarity or oil type.

Another'object of the invention is to provide a coating for paper which is applied as an emulsion, the continuous phase of which dries into a rupturable solid film having profusely dispersed therein colloidal sized ,liquid inclusions of the low-polarity or oil type, mentioned, which are resistant to change by atmospheric conditions.

The subject matter of this invention is an improvement over the types of coatings disclosed in my co-pending applications for United Statesv Letters Patent. Serial No. 320,385, filed February 23, 1940,- on October 20, 1942, and Serial No. 323,155, filed March 9, 1940, which issued as Patent No. 2,299,694 on October 20, 1942.

With these and incidental objects in view, the invention includes certain novel, features the essential elements of which are set forth in the appended claims and the preferred form or embodiment of which is hereinafter described in this specification with reference to the drawing.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION" The novel coating consists of an emulsion having a continuous phaseformed from a solid and a volatile liquid agent, and a low-polarity, lowviscosity, non-hygroscopic, dispersed phase preferably of the oil type, the two phases being separated by a strong inter-face structure. e emulsion so prepared is coated upon paper or web record material, and the continuous phase, which has in it the volatile agent, dries to a resilient rupturable solid film having within it the which issued as Patent No. 2.299593 Gelatin discontinuous or dispersed phase in the form of minuteliquid inclusions.

It is desirable that-the coating produced be flexible and rupturable, and for that reason plas' ticizers are introduced into the continuous phase in the preferred form, although they may be omitted if conditions of use warrant. The discontinuous or dispersed phase of the coating may include, in addition tothe low-polarity oil, selected pigments, staining liquids, or liquids which cause a stain by a chemical reaction or by contact with another surface.

The paper or web so coated may be used as a manifold sheet by laying the coated side of the sheet on which the marking is to be made, and causing pressure to be applied at selected localized points by means ofa stylus, type, or other prlnting instrument, which pressures rupture the solid coating of the reverse side, releasing the dispersed liquid inclusions from their cells, allowing them to contact the undersheet or the coated sheet.

It is also within the scope of this invention to make a continuous phase having within it two types of such oil inclusions which are chemically separated from one another but which, when the stylus or printing member ruptures the coating locally, causes a local coalescing of the two types of cells, which, by chemical reaction, produces a localized stain, or to have the inclusions react with the paper upon which it is coated or upon chemicals in the paper or in the rupturable continuous phase. Such a film having heterogeneous cells is described in the Patent No. 2,299,693, to

which reference hasbeen made.

The preferred embodiment of the invention includes the forming of the liquid emulsion to be coated on the paper, said emulsion being made as 40 follows:

External or continuous phase Per cent :Saponin l Water Total Internal or discontinuous phase,

liquids for the internal phase:

The internal and external phases are formed apnoea 1 proposed internal phase of the emulsion to the into an emulsion on a dried film basis in the proportions of 111,. other dyes, stains, or pig-' merits may be substituted for the tetra-methyldiamino-diphenyl-phthalide if desired.

A second emulsion having a methyl-cellulose external or continuous phase is made as follows;

External or continuous phase 1 Per cent Chlorinated diphenyl' (approximately 54% chlorine) Tetra-methyl-diamino=diphenyl-phthalide..- 2

The internal and external phase ratio on a dry film basis is l/ 2.

Examples of low polarity and low-=volatility Examples of-emulsifying agent for the inter nal phase:

'I'hymol Phytosterol Cholesterol Examples of solid forming agents for the ex ternal phase:

Gelatin Casein Methyl cellulose external phase while agitating the extemal phase. While the form of the invention herein shown and described-is admirably adapted to fulfill the objects primarily stated, it is to be understood that it is not intended to confine the invention to the one form or embodiment herein disclosed,

for it is susceptible of embodiment in various;

scope of the claims forms all coming within the which follow.

What is claimed is: I 1. A liquid emulsion having a continuous phase which is a solution of a solid in a drying liquid, said solid being rupturable by markin pressures and having a discontinuous phase of a lowpolarity oily liquid containing a marking chemical.

2. A liquid emulsion having a continuous phase which is a solution of a solid in an evaporable Example of emulsifying agent for the external I I phase in addition to the solid forming substances mentioned: i

Saponin q Example of dryingagent for the external phase:

Water liquid dryable to a rupturable solid film and having a discontinuous phase of an oily marking chemical remaining as discrete liquid inclusions in the external phase when dried.

3. A liquid emulsion having a continuous phase which is a solution of a solid'ln an evaporable liquid dryable to a rupturable solid film and having a discontinuous phase of a low-polarity nonhygrcscopic marking chemical remaining as discrete liquid inclusions in the external phase when dried. t

4. 'A liquid emulsion having a. continuous phase which is a solution of a solid in an evaporable liquid dryable to a rupturable solid film and having a discontinuous phase of an oily lowiscosity marking chemical remaining as discrete liquid inclusions in the external phase when dried.

' 5. A sensitized record material including a base sheet having thereon a rupturablesolid continuous phase containing a" profusion of dropletsoi a liquid discontinuous phase, said droplets being of an oily marking chemical.

6. A sensitized record material including a base sheet having thereon a -r upturable solid continuous phase containing aprofusion 01 droplets of a liquid discontinuous phsse, said droplets being of v an oilylow-polarity non-volatileimarking chemi 7. A sensitized record materlal including a base sheet having thereon a rupturable solid continu-- ous phase containing a profusion of droplet oiQa liquid discontinuous phase, said droplets being of an oily non-hygroscopic marking chemical.

8. A sensitized record material including a base sheet having thereon a rupturable solid continuous phase containing a profusion of droplets of a liquid discontinuous phase said droplets being of an oily non oxidizing marking chemical.

\ 9. A manifold sheet comprising a; base sheet The drawing shows the paper sheet II) which is to be coated, having dried thereon the external phase II containing the low-polarity liquid inclusions l3. When the coated film side of the 5 and a rupturable solid coating on the base sheet having discrete liquid inclusions of an oily marking chemical profusely dispersed therein.

10. A manifold sheet comprising a base sheet and a rupturable solid coating on the base sheet having discrete liquid inclusionr of a non-hygroscopic oily marking chemical profusely dispersed therein. A

11. A manifold sheet and a rupturable solid coating on the base sheet having discrete liquid inclusions of a non-volatile oily marking chemical profusely dispersed therein.

12. A manifoldsheet comprising a base sheet and a rupturable soli moatlng on the base sheet having discrete liquid nclusions of a non-oxidiz; irg oily marking chemical profusely dispersed therein. I

13. An emulsion coating for paper, consisting of comprising a base sheet a continuous phase of a rupturabl'e solid selatin film containing discrete oily marking liquid incluslons of low polarity.

14. An emulsion coating for paper, consisting of a continuous phase of a rupturable solid methylcellulose containing discrete oily marking liquid inclusions of low a iarity.

15. An emulsion coating for paper, consisting of a. continuous phase of a rupturable solid casein containing discrete oily'marking liquid inclusions of low polarity.

16. An emulsion coating for paper, consisting of a continuous phase of a rupturabie solid containing discrete liquid inclusions of paraflin oil, a marking fluid, and chlorinated diphenyl.

' BARRETT K. GREEN. 

